首先，我们需要创建一个基类Person,包括姓名、性别和年龄等属性以及相关的方法。然后，从Person类派生出学生类Student和教师类Teacher,分别添加学号、年级、专业等属性以及必要的方法。最后，编写一个主函数来测试这些类的功能。

以下是简洁的C代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

// 基类Person
typedef struct Person {
    char name[50];
    char gender;
    int age;
} Person;

void print_person_info(Person p) {
    printf("姓名：%s,性别：%c,年龄：%d
", p.name, p.gender, p.age);
}

// 派生类Student
typedef struct Student {
    Person base;
    int student_id;
    int grade;
    char major[50];
} Student;

void print_student_info(Student s) {
    print_person_info((Person)s);
    printf("学号：%d,年级：%d,专业：%s
", s.student_id, s.grade, s.major);
}

// 派生类Teacher
typedef struct Teacher {
    Person base;
    int teacher_id;
    char title[50];
    float salary;
} Teacher;

void print_teacher_info(Teacher t) {
    print_person_info((Person)t);
    printf("教师号：%d,职称：%s,工资：%.2f
", t.teacher_id, t.title, t.salary);
}

int main() {
    Student student = {"张三", 'M', 20, "计算机科学与技术"};
    print_student_info(student);

    Teacher teacher = {"李四", 'F', "副教授", 8000.0};
    print_teacher_info(teacher);

    return 0;
}